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Neurotoxicity, which can occur in tandem with cytokine release syndome (CRS), includes symptoms such as aphasia, tremor, and seizures. Other reported CNS events include ataxia and confusion. The mechanisms leading to the symptoms are poorly understood, but active research is ongoing to unravel the mediators and develop preventive treatments.
In the ZUMA-1 trial, Kite’s FDA-submitted pivotal trial for axicabtagene ciloleucel (KTE-C19), grade 3 or higher neurological adverse events occurred in 28% of patients, and encephalopathy was noted in 21% of participants.
Somnolence, agitation, seizures, and delirium are other specific neurotoxic side effects reported to occur with CAR T-cell therapy.
